Covariance is the measure of the linear relation between paired variables (that is, the tendency of two fields to vary together). Fields are covariant when they vary according to a specific mathematical relationship. The circumference of a circle and the radius of a circle are covariant.
The following examples are applicable to both Basic and Crystal syntax:
Covariance({table.FIELD1}, {table.FIELD2})
Calculates the covariance of the two fields and returns the covariance as a fractional number.
Note: Using this function in a formula forces the formula to be evaluated at print time.
For more information on evaluation time considerations, see Evaluation Time functions.
Covariance is calculated using the following technique:
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